Estimation of Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes: The Effects of Caffeine and Retinoic Acid on CK Levels in Fetal Mouse Limbs
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-1984
Description
Caffeine and retinoic acid were examined for effects upon limb morphogenesis and upon creatine kinase (CK) as a measure of limb myogenesis. Caffeine at 200 mg/kg, i.p., on E11 produced a low level of forelimb (1.2%) and hindlimb (2.0%) defects. Retinoic acid, at 50 mg/kg given orally as an oily suspension, induced a high level of reduction deformities. Hindlimbs (100%) were affected more than forelimbs (88%). Limbs (E16) were examined for CK isoenzymes using DEAE-Sephacel column chromatography. Untreated limbs had 88.04% skeletal muscle (MM), 6.98% hybrid (MB) and 5.08% brain (BB) CK isoenzyme. Caffeine had no effect. However, retinoic acid increased MM-CK to 92.67%, and decreased BB-CK to 2.24%. This is the first evidence that suggests that retinoic acid may modify the phenotypic expression of developing muscle.
Citation Information
Kwasigroch, Thomas E.; and Skalko, R. G.. 1984. Estimation of Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes: The Effects of Caffeine and Retinoic Acid on CK Levels in Fetal Mouse Limbs. Toxicology Letters. Vol.21(3). 339-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4274(84)90094-8 PMID: 6740723 ISSN: 0378-4274
