Presenter Classification
Faculty
Presentation Type
Poster Presentation
Publication Date
4-22-2026
Start Date
22-4-2026 10:20 AM
End Date
22-4-2026 10:30 AM
Keywords
history, childbirth
Abstract Type
Research
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this project is understand the historical development of childbirth from early documentation of birth in the home to modern day obstetrics, where most deliveries occur in the hospital. Approximately 3.5 to 4 million births occur each year in the U. S.
Aims: The aim of this study is to understand the historical development of childbirth in the U.S. with a particular emphasis on maternal autonomy. Depending on the amount of materials available, the research may be limited to the Appalachian Region.
Methods: Using a historical method, materials were located that traced the trajectory of childbirth from predominantly in the home to present day where most deliveries occur in a hospital. Documents were located using Google Scholar, PubMed, and CINAHL. Documents relevant to the research purpose were reviewed by team members for common themes. Identified themes were then discussed and an overarching theme was identified.
Results: Over the history of childbirth, maternal autonomy has changed as childbirth practices evolved. Historically, childbirth often occurred in the home with the assistance of midwives and experienced women in the community. With medical advancements, childbirth gradually shifted toward hospital settings where physicians and medical interventions are more common. This transition was influenced by improvements in medical knowledge, sanitation, and safety practices. While these advancements improved outcomes for many mothers and infants, they also influenced how much control women had over decisions related to labor and delivery.
Conclusion: In Appalachian communities, access to maternity care has often been limited due to rural healthcare provider shortages, transportation barriers, and socioeconomic disparities.
A Historical Analysis of the Development of Childbirth in the U. S.
Purpose: The purpose of this project is understand the historical development of childbirth from early documentation of birth in the home to modern day obstetrics, where most deliveries occur in the hospital. Approximately 3.5 to 4 million births occur each year in the U. S.
Aims: The aim of this study is to understand the historical development of childbirth in the U.S. with a particular emphasis on maternal autonomy. Depending on the amount of materials available, the research may be limited to the Appalachian Region.
Methods: Using a historical method, materials were located that traced the trajectory of childbirth from predominantly in the home to present day where most deliveries occur in a hospital. Documents were located using Google Scholar, PubMed, and CINAHL. Documents relevant to the research purpose were reviewed by team members for common themes. Identified themes were then discussed and an overarching theme was identified.
Results: Over the history of childbirth, maternal autonomy has changed as childbirth practices evolved. Historically, childbirth often occurred in the home with the assistance of midwives and experienced women in the community. With medical advancements, childbirth gradually shifted toward hospital settings where physicians and medical interventions are more common. This transition was influenced by improvements in medical knowledge, sanitation, and safety practices. While these advancements improved outcomes for many mothers and infants, they also influenced how much control women had over decisions related to labor and delivery.
Conclusion: In Appalachian communities, access to maternity care has often been limited due to rural healthcare provider shortages, transportation barriers, and socioeconomic disparities.
