BP Fluctuations and the Real-Time Dynamics of Renal Blood Flow Responses in Conscious Rats
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-2020
Description
Background Renal autoregulation maintains stable renal function despite BP fluctuations and protects glomerular capillaries from hypertensive injury. However, real-time dynamics of renal autoregulation in conscious animals have not been characterized. Methods To develop novel analytic methods for assessing renal autoregulation, we recorded concurrent BP and renal blood flow in conscious rats, comparing animals with renal autoregulation that was intact versus impaired (from3/4 nephrectomy), before and after additional impairment (fromthe calciumchannel blocker amlodipine). We calculated autoregulatory indices for adjacent short segments of increasing length (0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 seconds) that exhibited a mean BP difference of at least 5 mm Hg. Results Autoregulatory restoration of renal blood flow to baseline after BP changes in conscious rats occurs rapidly, in 5-10 seconds. The response is significantly slower in states of impaired renal autoregulation, enhancing glomerular pressure exposure. However, in rats with severe renal autoregulation impairment (3/4 nephrectomy plus amlodipine), renal blood flow in conscious animals (but not anesthetized animals) was still restored to baseline, but took longer (15-20 seconds). Consequently, the ability to maintain overall renal blood flow stability is not compromised in conscious rats with impaired renal autoregulation. Conclusions These novel findings show the feasibility of renal autoregulation assessment in conscious animals with spontaneous BP fluctuations and indicate that transient increases in glomerular pressuremay play a greater role in the pathogenesis of hypertensive glomerulosclerosis than previously thought. These data also show that unidentified mechanosensitive mechanisms independent of known renal autoregulation mechanisms and voltage-gated calcium channels can maintain overall renal blood flow and GFR stability despite severely impaired renal autoregulation.
Citation Information
Bidani, Anil K.; Polichnowski, Aaron J.; Licea-Vargas, Hector; Long, Jianrui; Kliethermes, Stephanie; Williamson, Geoffrey A.; and Griffin, Karen A.. 2020. BP Fluctuations and the Real-Time Dynamics of Renal Blood Flow Responses in Conscious Rats. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. Vol.31(2). 324-336. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2019070718 PMID: 31792155 ISSN: 1046-6673