Pharmacokinetics of Anthocyanins and Ellagic Acid in Healthy Volunteers Fed Freeze-Dried Black Raspberries Daily for 7 Days
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
10-1-2005
Description
Eleven subjects completed a clinical trial to determine the safety/tolerability of freeze-dried black raspberries (BRB) and to measure, in plasma and urine, specific anthocyanins-cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-sambubioside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and cyanidin-3- xylosylrutinoside, as well as ellagic acid. Subjects were fed 45 g of freeze-dried BRB daily for 7 days. Blood samples were collected predose on days 1 and 7 and at 10 time points postdose. Urine was collected for 12 hours predose on days 1 and 7 and at three 4-hour intervals postdose. Maximum concentrations of anthocyanins and ellagic acid in plasma occurred at 1 to 2 hours, and maximum quantities in urine appeared from 0 to 4 hours. Overall, less than 1% of these compounds were absorbed and excreted in urine. None of the pharmacokinetic parameters changed significantly between days 1 and 7. In conclusion, 45 g of freeze-dried BRB daily are well tolerated and result in quantifiable anthocyanins and ellagic acid in plasma and urine.
Citation Information
Stoner, Gary D.; Sardo, Christine; Apseloff, Glen; Mullet, Dan; Wargo, Wayne; Pound, Vickie; Singh, Alpana; Sanders, James; Aziz, Robeena; Casto, Bruce; and Sun, Xiao Li. 2005. Pharmacokinetics of Anthocyanins and Ellagic Acid in Healthy Volunteers Fed Freeze-Dried Black Raspberries Daily for 7 Days. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. Vol.45(10). 1153-1164. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091270005279636 PMID: 16172180 ISSN: 0091-2700