Sodium Pyruvate Modulates Cell Death Pathways in HaCaT Keratinocytes Exposed to Half-Mustard Gas
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-1-2011
Description
2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) or half-mustard gas, a sulfur mustard (HD) analog, is a genotoxic agent that causes oxidative stress and induces both apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Sodium pyruvate induced a necrosis-to-apoptosis shift in HaCaT cells exposed to CEES levels ≥ 1.5 mmol/L and lowered markers of DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This study provides a rationale for the future development of multicomponent therapies for HD toxicity in the skin. We hypothesize that a combination of pyruvates with scavengers/antioxidants encapsulated in liposomes for optimal local delivery should be therapeutically beneficial against HD-induced skin injury. However, the latter suggestion should be verified in animal models exposed to HD.
Citation Information
Paromov, Victor; Brannon, Marianne; Kumari, Sudha; Samala, Mallikarjun; Qui, Min; Smith, Milton; and Stone, William L.. 2011. Sodium Pyruvate Modulates Cell Death Pathways in HaCaT Keratinocytes Exposed to Half-Mustard Gas. International Journal of Toxicology. Vol.30(2). 197-206. https://doi.org/10.1177/1091581810390824 PMID: 21300769 ISSN: 1091-5818