Fueling the Flame: Bioenergy Couples Metabolism and Inflammation
Document Type
Review
Publication Date
9-1-2012
Description
We review the emerging concept that changes in cellular bioenergetics concomitantly reprogram inflammatory and metabolic responses. The molecular pathways of this integrative process modify innate and adaptive immune reactions associated with inflammation, as well as influencing the physiology of adjacent tissue and organs. The initiating proinflammatory phase of inflammation is anabolic and requires glucose as the primary fuel, whereas the opposing adaptation phase is catabolic and requires fatty acid oxidation. The fuel switch to fatty acid oxidation depends on the sensing of AMP and NAD+ by AMPK and the SirT family of deacetylases (e.g., SirT1, -6, and -3), respectively, which couple inflammation and metabolism by chromatin and protein reprogramming. The AMP-AMPK/NAD+-SirT axis proceeds sequentially during acute systemic inflammation associated with sepsis but ceases during chronic inflammation associated with diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. Rebalancing bioenergetics resolves inflammation. Manipulating cellular bioenergetics is identifying new ways to treat inflammatory and immune diseases.
Citation Information
Liu, Tie Fu; Brown, Candice M.; Gazzar, Mohamed El; McPhail, Linda; Millet, Patrick; Rao, Anuradha; Vachharajani, Vidula T.; Yoza, Barbara K.; and McCall, Charles E.. 2012. Fueling the Flame: Bioenergy Couples Metabolism and Inflammation. Journal of Leukocyte Biology. Vol.92(3). 499-507. https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.0212078 PMID: 22571857 ISSN: 0741-5400