Synergistic Growth Inhibition of PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells With Low-Dose Combinations of Simvastatin and Alendronate
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-1-2015
Description
The mevalonate pathway plays an important role in cancer biology and has been targeted with farnesyl transferase inhibitors, although their efficacy is limited due to significant adverse effects. Statins and bisphosphonates inhibit the mevalonate pathway at different steps, thus having negative effects at various levels on cancer cells. A combination of these drugs may result in an amplified cytotoxic effect and allow for use of significantly lower doses of the drugs involved. Statins inhibit the mevalonate pathway at 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and bisphosphonates at farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase. Our results show that low-dose combinations of simvastatin and alendronate have a synergistic cytotoxic effect on androgen-independent prostate cancer PC-3 cells, but not on androgen-dependent LNCaP or DU 145 prostate cancer cells. These two drugs cause a sequential blockade of the mevalonate pathway and significantly affect survival and apoptotic pathways by down-regulating phospho-AKT and activating c-JUN and ERK.
Citation Information
Rogers, Mailien; Kalra, Sumit; Moukharskaya, Julia; Chakraborty, Kanishka; Niyazi, Maximilian; Krishnan, Koyamangalath; Lightner, Janet; Brannon, Marianne; Stone, William L.; and Palau, Victoria E.. 2015. Synergistic Growth Inhibition of PC3 Prostate Cancer Cells With Low-Dose Combinations of Simvastatin and Alendronate. Anticancer Research. Vol.35(4). 1851-1860. https://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/35/4/1851.long PMID: 25862838 ISSN: 0250-7005