Stimulatory Toll-Like Receptor 2 Suppresses Restraint Stress-Induced Immune Suppression
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
5-1-2013
Description
Stress can enhance or suppress immune functions depending on a variety of factors. Our previous studies observed that Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) participates in chronic restraint stress-induced immune dysfunction. However, the mechanism by which TLR2 prevents immune suppression remains elusive. Our investigation found that stimulation of TLR2 by peptidoglycan (PGN) significantly attenuates splenocyte apoptosis and markedly blocks alterations of anti-apoptotic and apoptotic proteins. Activation of TLR2 inhibits chronic stress-reduced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and diminishes chronic stress-induced up-regulation of corticosterone production. Additionally, our data show that chronic stress causes a dramatic decrease of cytokine IL-2 level but an increase of IL-4 and IL-17 in CD4+ T cells. Interestingly, PGN could block these alterations of cytokine levels. Collectively, our studies demonstrate that stimulation of TLR2 attenuates chronic stress-induced immune suppression by modulating apoptosis-related proteins and immunoregulatory agents.
Citation Information
Hu, Dan; Denney, James; Liang, Manfei; Javer, Avani; Yang, Xiaohua; Zhu, Ruiliang; and Yin, Deling. 2013. Stimulatory Toll-Like Receptor 2 Suppresses Restraint Stress-Induced Immune Suppression. Cellular Immunology. Vol.283(1-2). 18-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellimm.2013.05.007 PMID: 23850672 ISSN: 0008-8749