Production of Congenital Limb Defects With Retinoic Acid: Phenomenological Evidence of Progressive Differentiation During Limb Morphogenesis
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
11-1-1980
Description
Maternal administration of a single dose of retinoic acid (vitamin A acid, 100 mg/kg) on either the 11 th, 11 1/2, 12th, 12 1/2, 13th or 13 1/2 day of gestation produced phocomelia or partial phocomelia in ICR/DUB fetuses. The results depended upon the time of treatment and two gradients of effect were produced: 1) cranio-caudal gradient, since forelimb defects resulted from treatment between days 11 and 13, while similar hindlimb abnormalities were produced by administration of retinoic acid 12 to 24 hours later: 2) proximo-distal gradient, due to the heterogenous sensitivity among individual bones of the limb. In the forelimb, early treatment (11th day) produced humero-ulnar defects and later treatment (12th day) ulnoradial defects. A similar proximo-distal gradient was observed in the hindlimb. The use of teratological studies as a tool to assist morphogenetic investigation is discussed.
Citation Information
Kwasigroch, Thomas E.; and Kochhar, D. M.. 1980. Production of Congenital Limb Defects With Retinoic Acid: Phenomenological Evidence of Progressive Differentiation During Limb Morphogenesis. Anatomy and Embryology. Vol.161(1). 105-113. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00304671 PMID: 7447042 ISSN: 0340-2061