Degree Name
PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)
Program
Biomedical Sciences
Date of Award
12-2023
Committee Chair or Co-Chairs
W. Andrew Clark
Committee Members
Jonathan Moorman, Sean Fox Antonio Rusinol, Matthew Zahner
Abstract
Many HIV-positive (HIV+) males on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) experience metabolic abnormalities, including Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and lipodystrophy. The intestinal microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA), participate in bidirectional communication with their host. Dysbiosis in HIV+ males on HAART demonstrate a Prevotella-rich enterotype shaped by multiple factors including, medications, adiposity, diet, intestinal permeability, and lifestyle; our objective was to investigate these factors. 19 HIV+ and 21 HIV- males were enrolled. BMI and hip-to-waist ratio (H:W) were obtained, and FibroScan for liver health. Intestinal permeability markers Claudin-21, flagellin, and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) in serum via enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Stool was collected for 16s rRNA sequencing, SCFAs (gas chromatography), and proximate analyses (PA). PA analyses: Bomb calorimetry (kcal), soxhlet for lipids, kjeldhal for protein, and fiber. Dietary intake by food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). HIV+ males had significantly higher H:W and hepatic steatosis (pPrevotella and Lachnospiraceae compared to HIV- males. Additionally, HIV+ males had significantly higher central obesity and hepatic steatosis. In a retrospective analysis, all HIV+ men were men that have sex with men (MSM). These findings support differences in intestinal microbiome and SCFAs, and measures of altered lipid metabolism between HIV+ and HIV- males. These findings lay the framework for investigations into intestinal microbiome, SCFAs and metabolism in HIV+ MSM.
Document Type
Dissertation - embargo
Recommended Citation
Andreae, Mary and Andreae, Mary C. Mrs, "Intestinal Microbiome, Fecal Fermentation Profile, and Health Indices in HIV Infected Men versus Non-Infected Controls" (2023). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 4332. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/4332
Copyright
Copyright by the authors.
Included in
Biochemistry Commons, Cardiovascular Diseases Commons, Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Commons, Digestive System Diseases Commons, Immune System Diseases Commons, Immunology of Infectious Disease Commons, Molecular, Genetic, and Biochemical Nutrition Commons, Other Microbiology Commons, Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Commons, Virus Diseases Commons