Vibroacoustic response of the tympanic membrane to hyoid-borne sound generated during echolocation in bats

Authors' Affiliations

Chelsie CG Snipes, Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN Richard T Carter, Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN

Location

Culp Center Rm. 304

Start Date

4-25-2023 9:00 AM

End Date

4-25-2023 9:20 AM

Faculty Sponsor’s Department

Biological Sciences

Name of Project's Faculty Sponsor

Richard Carter

Additional Sponsors

Dr. Scott Pedersen Peter Newman

Classification of First Author

Graduate Student-Master’s

Competition Type

Competitive

Type

Oral Presentation

Project's Category

Anatomy, Biological Adaptation, Biological Modeling

Abstract or Artist's Statement

The hyoid apparatus in laryngeally echolocating bats is unique as it forms a mechanical connection between the larynx and auditory bullae which has been hypothesized to transfer the outgoing echolocation call to the middle ear during call emission. Previous finite element modeling (FEM) found that hyoid-borne sound can reach the bulla at an amplitude likely heard by echolocating bats; however, that study did not model how or if the signal could reach the inner ear (or cochlea). One route that sound could take is via stimulation of the eardrum – similarly to that of air-conducted sound. We used µCT data to build models of the hyoid apparatus and middle ear from six species of bats with variable morphology. Using FEM, we ran harmonic response analyses to measure the vibroacoustic response of the tympanic membrane to hyoid-borne sound generated during echolocation and found that hyoid-borne sound in all six species stimulated the eardrum within a range likely heard by bats. Although there was variation in the efficiency between models at higher frequencies, there are no obvious morphological patterns to account for it. This suggests that hyoid morphology in laryngeal echolocators is likely driven by other associated functions and warrants further inquiry.

Note: This work was published open access in the Journal of Integrative Organismal Biology (https://doi.org/10.1093/iob/obad004)

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Apr 25th, 9:00 AM Apr 25th, 9:20 AM

Vibroacoustic response of the tympanic membrane to hyoid-borne sound generated during echolocation in bats

Culp Center Rm. 304

The hyoid apparatus in laryngeally echolocating bats is unique as it forms a mechanical connection between the larynx and auditory bullae which has been hypothesized to transfer the outgoing echolocation call to the middle ear during call emission. Previous finite element modeling (FEM) found that hyoid-borne sound can reach the bulla at an amplitude likely heard by echolocating bats; however, that study did not model how or if the signal could reach the inner ear (or cochlea). One route that sound could take is via stimulation of the eardrum – similarly to that of air-conducted sound. We used µCT data to build models of the hyoid apparatus and middle ear from six species of bats with variable morphology. Using FEM, we ran harmonic response analyses to measure the vibroacoustic response of the tympanic membrane to hyoid-borne sound generated during echolocation and found that hyoid-borne sound in all six species stimulated the eardrum within a range likely heard by bats. Although there was variation in the efficiency between models at higher frequencies, there are no obvious morphological patterns to account for it. This suggests that hyoid morphology in laryngeal echolocators is likely driven by other associated functions and warrants further inquiry.

Note: This work was published open access in the Journal of Integrative Organismal Biology (https://doi.org/10.1093/iob/obad004)