Influence of healthcare access, and previous COVID-19 experience on COVID-19 vaccination behavior among adults in the US

Additional Authors

Qian Huang, Center for Rural Health and Research, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN. Derrick Owusu, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN. Mustpha Muhammad, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN. Hopelyn Mooney, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN.

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of vaccination in public health. Despite significant progress, vaccination rates in the United States vary between different demographic groups. This study examines how vaccination behavior is influenced by health care access, previous experience with COVID-19, social support and life satisfaction, with a focus on demographic determinants. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), focusing on 23 states that included the COVID-19 vaccination module. The study employed logistic regression and multivariate analysis to assess predictors of vaccination status. Results: Key findings are that insured individuals (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.27–1.74) and those with routine medical checkups in the past year (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.07–2.29) were significantly more likely to be vaccinated. Previous COVID-19 experience had a modest positive effect (AOR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.00–1.18). Social and emotional support also emerged as a strong determinant, with individuals reporting frequent support exhibiting higher odds of vaccination (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.48–2.21). Notably, individuals dissatisfied with life are more likely to get vaccinated. Significant interactions between insurance status, income, routine medical checkups, life satisfaction, and race/ethnicity suggest a complex interplay of factors. Conclusion: The study's results provide valuable insights into the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination behavior and highlight the need for targeted public health strategies to address access disparities, enhance insurance coverage, encourage regular medical checkups, develop culturally sensitive vaccination promotion strategies, and incorporate well-being initiatives into public health strategies to improve vaccination rates. Limitations include the cross-sectional design and regional data, which may not fully generalize to the entire U.S. population.

Start Time

16-4-2025 9:00 AM

End Time

16-4-2025 11:30 AM

Presentation Type

Poster

Presentation Category

Health

Student Type

Graduate Student - Doctoral

Faculty Mentor

Billy Brooks

Faculty Department

Biostatistics and Epidemiology

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Apr 16th, 9:00 AM Apr 16th, 11:30 AM

Influence of healthcare access, and previous COVID-19 experience on COVID-19 vaccination behavior among adults in the US

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of vaccination in public health. Despite significant progress, vaccination rates in the United States vary between different demographic groups. This study examines how vaccination behavior is influenced by health care access, previous experience with COVID-19, social support and life satisfaction, with a focus on demographic determinants. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), focusing on 23 states that included the COVID-19 vaccination module. The study employed logistic regression and multivariate analysis to assess predictors of vaccination status. Results: Key findings are that insured individuals (AOR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.27–1.74) and those with routine medical checkups in the past year (AOR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.07–2.29) were significantly more likely to be vaccinated. Previous COVID-19 experience had a modest positive effect (AOR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.00–1.18). Social and emotional support also emerged as a strong determinant, with individuals reporting frequent support exhibiting higher odds of vaccination (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.48–2.21). Notably, individuals dissatisfied with life are more likely to get vaccinated. Significant interactions between insurance status, income, routine medical checkups, life satisfaction, and race/ethnicity suggest a complex interplay of factors. Conclusion: The study's results provide valuable insights into the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination behavior and highlight the need for targeted public health strategies to address access disparities, enhance insurance coverage, encourage regular medical checkups, develop culturally sensitive vaccination promotion strategies, and incorporate well-being initiatives into public health strategies to improve vaccination rates. Limitations include the cross-sectional design and regional data, which may not fully generalize to the entire U.S. population.